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Sonoran Green Toad vs. Couch's Spadefoot

Both are green with black marks and come out on the same monsoon nights in the low deserts of south-central Arizona. A: Horizontal oval pupil in the Sonoran Green Toad; vertical, cat-like pupil in the Couch's Spadefoot. B: Long glands behind the eyes in the Sonoran Green Toad; no big glands behind the eyes in the Couch's Spadefoot. C: Small green ovals each ringed by a black net in the Sonoran Green Toad; yellow-green marbled with black (females) or nearly plain (males) in the Couch's Spadefoot. Couch's Spadefoot also has a black, sickle-shaped spade under each hind foot.

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Sonoran Green Toad

Anaxyrus retiformis

Couch's Spadefoot

Scaphiopus couchii
Sonoran Green Toad vs. Couch's Spadefoot: comparison sheet with the differences marked

Photographs via iNaturalist under Creative Commons licences; the photographers are credited on the sheet.

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