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Eastern Spadefoot vs. American Toad

Look at the eye first. A vertical, cat-like pupil means Eastern Spadefoot; a true toad such as the American Toad has a horizontal pupil. Then behind the eyes: a true toad has large, raised glands (parotoids) and bony ridges on the head. A spadefoot’s head is smooth, with no crests, and it lacks the big toad glands.

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Eastern Spadefoot

Scaphiopus holbrookii

American Toad

Anaxyrus americanus
Eastern Spadefoot vs. American Toad: comparison sheet with the differences marked

Photographs via iNaturalist under Creative Commons licences; the photographers are credited on the sheet.

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